Legislators Argue That Employees Are Losing Out, Even Though

Legislators argue that employees are losing out, even though the government requires businesses that terminate pension funds to help pay out benefits employees. According to the collective bargaining agreements labor unions will create employee pension plans and other benefits. Due to the increase in pension and benefit plans per employee, businesses compare rates to the open market. After the retirement of employees, businesses are required to fund pensions because of pension plan agreements. Also, unions can increase pension and benefit plans when negotiating new collective bargaining agreements, continually raising this business cost. Interests the union itself may try to maintain, despite organizational needs or goals. Labor unions†¦show more content†¦The social responsibility of businesses is the general idea that businesses should behave properly and contribute to economic development while improving the workplace. Nonetheless, unions on behalf of government workers are expanding while a majority of union members today now have ties to a government individual, at the federal, state or local levels. Approximately 1-in-3 public division workers is a union member, associated with about 1 in 15 for the private division employees last year. Overall, 11 percent of wage and salary worker’s in the United States are unionized, down from 35 percent during the mid-1950s. Local versus national unions and how these groups may affect future and global unionization. There are different levels of the labor unions from local, to the general, and to the national officers. They are responsible for bringing out the policies and programs of the unions. Support for the union programs is not enforced. It s agreed upon constitutionally by locals attending. As a national union depends entirely on how well local unions live up to the agreement they strike annually with all the other locals in our union. A remarkable example of real equality in action is watching member express amazement at how it was conducted. National unions tend to provide advice and assistance for their members so the that they can be fully informed about different decisions on matters that may affect their locals. All wages and conditions are directlyShow MoreRelatedThe Future Of The Labor Union1274 Words   |  6 Pages management, and employees. â€Å"Lastly, we will deliberate the different challenges multi-national companies must prepare for in order to successfully compete in a future global business setting. (my.ncu.edu)† Historical information regarding unions that may carry from now into the future. Union activities started in the 1800s when Susan B. Anthony and Elizabeth Stanton continually worked for the equality of women in the workplace. Union formation still has not been easy even today. Over the pastRead MoreExistentialism : The Teleological Suspension Of The Ethical1823 Words   |  8 Pagesthe operator of a corporation is to act in accordance with the desires of those who own the corporation; second, that the executive who uses company resources for social ends is in effect imposing an undemocratic tax on the business owners, being â€Å"legislator, executive, and jurist† (Friedman, 2007, p. 173); third, that the executive cannot know how to act in order to best serve the social ends he feels a responsibility to promote. Friedman’s first premise is generally sound: no matter how much he mightRead MoreMandatory Audit Firm Rotation2083 Words   |  8 Pagesreports (Arel 2013: 16). On the other hand, those opposing mandatory audit firm rotation claim tha t the costs incurred as a result of frequently changing auditing firms surpasse its benefits by far (Beasley et al., 2009:67). Pozen (2012:11) points out that the chances of audit failures are greater during the early stages of an auditor-client relationship since the new auditor may not have auditor knowledge regarding operations, processes, and client-specific risks. The role of audit firm rotationRead More The Past, Present and Future of Social Security Essays2700 Words   |  11 Pageswas amended to include coverage to dependents of workers who died. The payroll tax income was also set aside in a separate trust fund. Social Security gained national commitment in 1950 when the Old Age Assistance program was phased out. Benefits were increased by 77 percent and the payroll tax rate was increased to 6.5 percent on a phased ? in basis. This increment was partly a response to an expansion in private pensions that were being won by unions in collective bargaining agreementsRead MoreCountrywide Subprime Lending Crisis4911 Words   |  20 PagesExecutive Summary Even though Countrywide stopped offering subprime loans 4 months ago, the company is still in the forefront of the subprime mortgage lending and foreclosure crisis. Lawsuits seem to be coming from all directions, federal and state investigative probes are launched against them, stock price tumbled to 1/5 of its value, even desperate lenders demonstrated outside their offices. 2007 has definitely not been Countrywide s year. 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The purpose of this paper is to illustrate the history of abortion, the severe courtRead MoreAp Us Government Unit 5: the President5161 Words   |  21 PagesHuman Services; Secretary of Education, and the Secretary of Veterans Affairs. | Inherent powers- The powers of the national government in the field of affairs that the Supreme Court has declared do not depend on constitutional grants but rather grow out of the very existence of the national government. | Delegation of powers- also called enumerated powers. Delegated powers are those which are specifically listed in Article I, Section 8 of the Constitution as being granted to the Congress. | LegislativeRead MoreCorporate Social Responsibility8358 Words   |  34 Pagesfast food industry provides an important context in which to debate the issue of corporate social responsibility. While the influence of myriad factors, including increasing sedentary lifestyles, on obesity is acknowledged by some researchers some argue that rising obesity can also be linked to the fast food industry.[1] Generally speaking, obesity is an increasingly major health problem, both in terms of patient numbers and severity. Since most of the people perceive the consumption of certainRead MoreDhjsj14297 Words   |  58 Pagesaim of improving auditor independence. The most contentious change is the banning of most nonaudit services performed by the incumbent auditor. Other changes include mandatory audit partner rotation and a one-year waiting period before auditor employees can accept executive positions with their former clients. We have the following suggestions for investigating the propriety of these changes: a. We believe that the SOX provision that bans most nonaudit services is at best misguided, and atRead MoreAn Investigation of Customization in ERP System Implementations Marcus11491 Words   |  46 Pagesimplementation success factors [4]–[15]. Though results from these studies have been diverse, recurring themes have emerged, such as management support, project team performance, the implementation process, education and training, as well as change management and minimal ERP customization. This study investigates why many organizations fail to achieve minimal customization. In all ERP installations, some degree of system customization is required. Even though, packaged applications are designed to

Equal Pay Act of 1963 an Analysis Essay - 656 Words

Equal Pay Act of 1963: an Analysis Table of Contents Introduction†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.Page 3 Derfinition†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦...†¦Page 3 Discussion†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦...Page 3 Application to Interviewing†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Page 4 Conclusion†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..Page 4 Despite our country’s love of freedom, throughout its history, the United States has oppressed minorities. If someone isn’t a middle-aged Caucasian male, they automatically have to work harder just to receive the same opportunities and compensation. Various laws have been enacted to protect minorities from exploitation, including the Equal Pay Act of 1963, which was enacted to protect women from unfair wages. Equal employment†¦show more content†¦The Equal Pay Act doesn’t directly affect interviews, however gender discrimination, the basis for the Equal Pay Act, does show up in interview settings, and more specifically, in the hiring process. A prospective employer could ask a female job candidate about child care arrangements, or if she plans to get married and start a family. Both of these could be considered discriminatory if the interviewer rejects the candidate based on her answers. Women are continually being overlooked for promotions and addit ional projects in the workplace for the same reasons. Employers assume that women with families have other obligations, so they won’t consider those women for additional responsibility. Because of this, women aren’t even given the opportunity of job advancement and the opportunity to compete with men in the workplace. One way to counteract gender discrimination in the hiring process would be to implement policies that would identify highly qualified female candidates throughout the hiring process, along with identifying subconscious bias that interviewers may have toward female candidates. Although the Equal Pay Act has paved the way for many successful businesswomen, the majority of women still do not earn equal pay for equal work. The Equal Pay Act of 1963 has doneShow MoreRelatedKey Women s Issues Of Hr1501 Words   |  7 PagesKey Women’s Issues in HR â€Å"We have to pass pay equity for women workers. It is not acceptable that women are making 78 cents an hour compared to men,† said democratic candidate Bernie Sanders in a speech to the National Press Club in March of this year. 52 years after the Equal Pay Act was passed, working women in the United States still face a gender pay gap no matter what career they are in and while we have made progress since 1963, recently any improvement on the wage disparity has remainedRead MoreEqual Pay Act Assignment794 Words   |  4 Pages Equal Pay Act Assignment HRM6010 – Total Compensation Submitted by Prapatsorn Ratanasait Presented to October 28, 2014 College of Professional Studies Northeastern University Research the Equal Pay Act of 1963: why is it important to know this law when designing the internal alignment piece of your compensation program? The Equal Pay Act (EPA) means men and women receive the same amount of payment for doing the same work, which it will be illegal if employers pay women less than menRead MoreWomen Have Made Significant Strides In Society, Proving1292 Words   |  6 PagesWomen have made significant strides in society, proving themselves to be as capable as men in the workforce. However, while women are making equal contributions, men and women are not earning equal wages. Even though the Equal Pay Act was established in 1963, women continue to earn lower wages than men over half a century later. This inequality not only affects women as individuals but has a detrimental effect on the national economy. The gender wage gap in the United States should end because itRead MoreEqual Pay Act Of 19631382 Words   |  6 Pagescontroversies in the workforce today, is that women are continuing to be discriminated against by receiving less pay than males. This problem of women receiving less pay than males in the workforce is known as the Gender Wage Gap. Equal Pay Act of 1963 The wage gap has been a problem in the workplace for a long time now, but we are seeing constant progress. In 1963, the Equal Pay Act was signed into place, this law was passed to try and abolish any type of wage disparity based on gender. This lawRead MoreThe Issue Of Equal Pay For Equal Work1129 Words   |  5 PagesThe issue of equal pay for equal work performed by women; is a political hot button in the 2016 presidential campaign. So much so that the stump speeches, for both former secretary of state Hillary Clinton, and senator, Bernie Sanders, always include this issue. Since the 1960s, congress and many researchers have tested this theory. In order to affirm the validity of this message, we will perform a five-step hypothesis test. 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Nursing Research Article Critique Essay - 1663 Words

Control is and has been a pervasive factor in the lives of many across the world, influencing the way research can be conducted or the way people try to maintain a balance in the weight or appearance. The simple principle has to ability to create complexities for a person both on an external and internal level. An example of this is eating disorders, in which a person manipulates the amount of nutrition they may receive, either by denying oneself or over indulging in it. Healthcare workers, in many aspects are at risk of developing eating disorders since a major contributing factor is perceived stress. Nurses specifically are in a unique position of susceptibility since they are in a high stressed job where control is often difficult to†¦show more content†¦The population target that this study is focusing on is nurses, either registered nurses (RNs) or license vocational nurses (LVNs). The primary problem that the researchers are focusing on is the relation between the le vels of stress a nurse has on the job to the risk of the developing or having eating disorder. In the background information, they report that in other profession in which stress is high, eating disorders are reported more often (King, Vidourek, Schwiebert, 2009). They suggest that nursing is a high-level stress job that could possibly place nurses at risk (King et al.). They justify the need and importance of study for nurses as it implicates a possible need for interventions from the management arena of nursing and possibly personal intervention as well (King et al.). The problems is researchable as it is makes use of surveys in order to create a set of statistical data. The researchers of this study do not formally imply that they utilized a conceptual framework, even more so, one can assume that they make use of the Roys Adaptation Model, in which correlates a persons ability to cope with their environmental situation (Polit Beck, 2006). The researchers in the beginning of the article discuss their literature review in order to inform the reader on the subject. Here, they use data from an array of sources, ranging from the current and primary sources, organizingShow MoreRelatedEssay on Nursing Research Article Critique 990 Words   |  4 Pagesform new types of interventions in order to give adequate care across a of number of fields within the system. Research then, has been an essential part in providing definitive data, either by disproving previous beliefs or confirming newly found data and methods. Moreover, research in itself contains its own process with a methodological approach. 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Problem Statement The clinical problemRead MoreNur518 R7 Quantitative Article Analysis Worksheet Nc Essay1065 Words   |  5 Pagesï » ¿University of Phoenix Material Quantitative Article Analysis Worksheet Analyze and critique a quantitative nursing research article from a nursing research journal published within the past five years. Include 3 scholarly references—the article, the text, and one outside source. Use the Guidelines for Quantitative Nursing Research Critique to complete the following steps: 1. State the purpose of the study and identify the problem. Patients in the intensive care unit (ICU) often require enteralRead MoreResearch Critique Part 1736 Words   |  3 PagesResearch Critique Part 1 Jenna Franz Grand Canyon University Introduction to Nursing Research NRS-433V Mary OConnell September 5, 2013 Research Critique Part 1 This paper will critique a qualitative research study published in the Journal of Medical Ethics in 2004, By Dr Helen Aveyard, about how nurses manage patients who refuse nursing care procedures. The article explains how nurses view informed consent as not being essential to nursing care procedures. Problem Statement The clinicalRead MoreReflection Paper In Nursing1033 Words   |  5 PagesPaper 2 Furthering nursing research is essential, as it forms the basis for evidence-based practice in healthcare today. With this in mind, developing the skills to critically appraise research articles is of the utmost importance in order to determine the relevance of research findings for clinical practice. 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Opportunities & Problems of Social E-Commerce-Samples for Students

Question: Discuss about the Opportunities Problems of Social E-Commerce. Answer: Introduction The rapid advancement in information and communication technologies as well as the distribution of networked data processing has led to extensive access to information resources as well as globalization regarding businesses, communications as well as services. The fundamental nature of e-commerce is consistent delivery of transaction in a dynamic environment that is having the involvement of people, processes as well as a service or business infrastructure. In simple terms, e-commerce or electronic commerce is associated with trading electronically. The advancement in information and communication technologies as well as the surfacing of the internet has revolutionized the activities for business to enable new means of conducting business described as e-commerce. Companies are accepting e-commerce as a way for accessing the international markets, improving the customer service, reduction of the costs as well as to do the enhancement of productivity as well as effectiveness. On the other hand, the plethora of advantages that e-commerce is offering in respect of transactional businesses has also gave rise to major concerns, particularly in respect of users privacy as well as security of information that is shared online. The major hindrances that are preventing the developing countries from leveraging the e-commerce solutions are deficiency of sufficient, secure, effective communication as well as banking infrastructure, technical expertise as well as processing of information regarding the economy as well as environment. Project Objective The major objective of this research is assessing the present practices, challenges as well as scopes of e-commerce. The particular objectives of this research are, To identify the availability of major scopes for the adoption as well as implementation of e-commerce. To identify the key challenges that are hindering the growth of e-commerce Project Scope The project scope is associated with the aspect of identifying the challenges as well as opportunities that will be having a positive impact on the organizational performance of companies that are interested in the adoption of e-commerce applications. It will also be providing a scope in respect of decision-makers as well as organizational managers for considering as well as evaluating the challenges as well as opportunities found in the current practices for undertaking pertinent remedial measures in respect of promoting the practices for e-commerce. Literature Review The development of internet gave rise to an electronic marketplace or in other words e-marketplace that is considered being the most important part of electronic commerce. Different types of economic transactions as well as purchase and sale of products and services, and exchange of information occurs in e-marketplaces. The opportunities regarding e-commerce will be comprising of e-business, integration of e-commerce, open and distance learning, e-commerce as well as e-insurance, economic concerns raised by e-commerce in respect of the developing nations as well as WTO, future media of e-commerce (Bilgihan 2014). Opportunities regarding E-Commerce E-business The overall business process gets influenced by the e-business as well as the value chains where it is operating. It does the enabling of a highly integrated collaboration level within the various elements of a value chain than it was earlier. Through the adoption of e-business it will also be allowing the organizations in reducing the expenses as well as improving the consumer response time. E-commerce is having an association with all the things that is related to an online transaction that ranges from ordering online through online delivery of paid content in respect of financial operations such as transferring money in the bank accounts. Within the financial services area, there are some positive signs in respect of e-commerce. It has also been found out that the price level in the e-marketplaces will get lowered by the overcoming of the spatial hurdles (Chen 2014). As because, e-marketplaces are having the ability for achieving economies of scale through the aggregation of disso lved demands, they permit the economy in having more diversities that were not having any existence prior to their materialization. E-commerce integration There will take place the addition of an e-commerce component to the course of business via the aspect of integrating the topics in relation to e-commerce into the upper-level business curriculum that is having an existence at present. The aspect of infusing e-commerce education into every course of business states that the development in technology will be influencing, in a significant manner every aspects of the present business scenario (Cunningham 2013). Towards offering support in assuring that every related business curriculum in respect of disciplines such as accounting, marketing, economics, information systems will be paying pertinent attention to the essential aspects in respect of e-commerce, it can be stated that there is the need to integrate specific e-commerce topics that is necessary to be integrated into the business curriculum that is existing. Open and Distance Learning With the expansion in the availability of the internet, there will occur an increase in the popularity of e-learning since computing devices get more reasonably priced and the shrinking of energy needs as well as form factors take place. E-learning will be becoming hugely accepted since the internet exposures as well as e-learning often start in the primary grades, as a result making increased number of students in having the familiarity as well as ease regarding online learning (Fernie 2014). As a matter of fact, in respect of various countries, distance education is being considered to be the most feasible solution to provide education for large number of students. E-commerce and E-insurance Even though, e-commerce is focusing majorly on business to consumer applications, the prominence has currently shifted towards the business to business applications. The insurance industry is providing a pertinent model that is combining the B2B as well as B2C applications. Moreover the purchasing of online policies is considered being faster, more user-friendly and certainly more secured than the traditional methods (Cavusgil 2014). As a result, online policy purchase is considered being increasingly attractive for the insurer. Similarly, it will be incurring limited expense as well as requiring less number of resources in comparison to the traditional insurance and as a result, is considered being more profitable in respect of the insurance organizations. E-insurance will also be making the insurance process more secured, as because there occurs the storing of the policy details digitally and every transaction occurs through secured channels (Savrul 2014). These channels assist in providing additional penetration of the market, which is not present in traditional channels and assists to earn additional revenue in comparison to the traditional insurance methods. Future media of e-commerce At present, majority of e-commerce occurs through the use of either desktops or laptops. In respect of B2B e-commerce, this is less like to change but in respect of B2C, on the other hand, there will occur more complex aspects. For example, there will be occurring enormous range of relevant media that comprises of interactive digital television and an assortment of mobile as well as wireless services. There will be major difference amongst various customers ownership regarding the accessibility of technologies. While some will be having accessibility of broadband, others will be lacking completely in digital communication (Awa 2015). Moreover, digital media is having the ability for supporting e-commerce that is related to customers that can be grouped under certain major segments such as home PCs, IDTV, utility meters and so on. In short, it can be stated that although the online PC is having a better establishment, there is still occurring the slow but steady emergence of the other B2C digital media (Akter 2016). Raising of the economic concerns by e-commerce regarding the developing countries and the WTO In regard to the WTO, the accessibility to e-commerce is often associated with e-exports that is comprising of two elements requiring sharp distinction such as accessibility to internet services as well as accessibility to services which can be traded electronically. While the former is dealing with the aspect of accessing the infrastructure of internet, the latter is related with particular assurances regarding services that are electronically tradable (Rahimi 2014). E-commerce is offering unique scope for the countries that are considered developing as well as those that are already developed. In the short-run, the profits are supposed to get accumulated in the developed countries having more to benefit (Chaffey 2015). The reason for this is that in the short-run, the developing countries are lacking in the infrastructure that is essential for taking complete advantage of the internet. Regarding many countries, particularly the ones that are developing, majority of the customers are not having computers or accessibility to internet. Therefore, a possible scenario in this regard would be the one where a few independent entrepreneurs will be receiving the product via internet and then will be converting it into the physical form like CDs and will be selling it to the customers (Ngai 2015). However, this procedure might be considered being expensive, which uses resources that are real. But in the longer phase, there is the possibility to skip certa in stages relating to the growth of the information technology through which there is the need for the developed countries to pass. There is the requirement for addressing certain issues related with effectiveness. The issue regarding tariffs that are applicable regarding products whose import occurs in the physical form but not when electronic transmission for the same occurs. As long as, there is lower electronic transmission cost in comparison to the physical delivery, the existence of tariffs regarding the physical delivery will be posing no challenges. In an effective manner, the electronic transmission will be offering the products in respect of the countries at a price that is less in comparison to the one having the availability via physical delivery (Galliers 2013). Challenges concerning E-Commerce Ethical concerns Certain ethical concerns are required to be taken into consideration in relation to e-commerce such as privacy, security issues, as well as other ethical concerns. In respect of privacy, it can be stated that privacy has been and will be continuing to be a major concern in respect of the present as well as probable customers regarding e-commerce. In respect of e-commerce as well as web-interactions, the below mentioned elements are considered being most significant, Privacy that is comprising of not getting interfered with and to possess the power for excluding. It needs to be stated that individual power is considered being a moral right. Privacy is considered being a condition that is sought-after in regard to the aspect of possessing information by other individuals about oneself on the aspect of observing the individual by other individuals (Schultz 2014). Along with the issues related with privacy, there is also the involvement of other ethical concerns with e-commerce. The internet is offering unprecedented accessibility for a huge array of products as well as services. The rapid expansion regarding click and mortar as well as the largely unregulated medium of cyberspace, have on the other hand did the prompting of issues related with privacy as well as security of data (Laudon 2013). Risk perception in encounters regarding e-commerce As the organizations are racing towards digitization of the service methods that are physical-based in respect of repackaging them as online services, it is becoming increasingly significant for understanding in what ways customers are perceiving the alternatives regarding digitized e-service. E-service replacements might be appearing unfamiliar, artificial as well as non-reliable when compared with traditional processes of service processing (Johnson 2017). Customers might be believing that new internet-based methods of processing expose them towards new probable threats associated with the risks of online fraudulence, identification theft, as well as phising defrauds meaning the methods that are associated with the aspect of stealing information that are regarded as confidential by the use of web-sites that are spoofed. This will, as a result, be likely to create fear amongst the customers. Conclusion To conclude, it needs to be stated that e-commerce is creating new business opportunities. It is also creating new scopes regarding education as well as academics. It seems that there is a huge potential in respect of providing education related with e-business. Even though, various organizations, establishments as well as communities have started taking advantage of the potentiality relating to e-commerce, crucial challenges still persist that is required to be prevailed over so that e-commerce can turn out to be an indispensable resource in respect of the common individuals throughout the world. References Akter, S. and Wamba, S.F., 2016. Big data analytics in E-commerce: a systematic review and agenda for future research.Electronic Markets,26(2), pp.173-194. Awa, H.O., Ojiabo, O.U. and Emecheta, B.C., 2015. 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